MMR shows a declining trend, reveals latest data, Pg 6

The Hindu | May 9, 2025

• India’s Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) declined to 93 per 1 lakh live births in 2019–21, down from 97 (2018–20) and 103 (2017–19).

• Highest MMR is recorded in the 20–29 age group, followed by 30–34 age group.

• High MMR states include Madhya Pradesh (175), Assam (167), Uttar Pradesh (151), and Odisha (135).

• WHO reports over 700 daily maternal deaths in 2023 globally, largely from preventable pregnancy-related causes.

• MMR is derived using the Sample Registration System by the Registrar-General of India.

• Defined as the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births during the reference period.

• Maternal deaths occur during pregnancy or within 42 days of termination, excluding accidental causes.

• The decline aligns with UN SDG targets to reduce MMR to <70 by 2030.

• MMR (Maternal Mortality Ratio): Health indicator reflecting maternal deaths due to pregnancy or childbirth complications.

• Sample Registration System (SRS): A large-scale demographic survey system used for fertility and mortality estimates.

• Reflects improvement in maternal healthcare access and intervention effectiveness in India.

• Highlights regional disparities and the need for focused health interventions in high-MMR states.

• Emphasizes the importance of skilled birth attendance and emergency obstetric care to meet SDG targets.

• Strengthens the case for improved data accuracy and health infrastructure in rural and low-income regions.

Mains Mock Question:

Despite a consistent decline in India’s maternal mortality ratio, regional disparities remain a challenge. Discuss the factors contributing to maternal deaths and suggest targeted policy interventions. (15 marks)