Situation is spiralling out of control: Drivers of continued conflict in Sudan, Pg20.

Key Highlights:

• In 2019, the Omar al-Bashir regime in Sudan collapsed after 30 years, leading to further division and conflict.
• In 2021, an interim civilian-military government fell due to a coup led by generals Abdel Fattah al-Burhan (SAF) and Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (RSF).
• Disagreements between the SAF and RSF led to a civil war, resulting in tens of thousands of deaths.
• The UN General Secretary stated that the situation in Sudan is spiraling out of control after a paramilitary force seized el-Fasher in Darfur.

Sudan

Detailed Insights:

• Competing power-grabbing attempts between military factions are a primary driver of instability in Sudan.
• The RSF has been accused of targeting the Masalit and other non-Arab populations, with reports of widespread executions.
• The civil war between the SAF and RSF has created a dire humanitarian crisis, displacing large numbers of civilians and exacerbating existing ethnic tensions.
• The collapse of the interim government derailed the transition to democracy and postponed the promised elections, further destabilizing the country.

Key Concepts Involved:

• Paramilitary Force: An armed group that is not part of a country's official military forces.
• Coup: A sudden, violent, and illegal seizure of power from a government.
• Civil War: A war between organized groups within the same country.