US and Israel launched a coordinated aerial offensive against Iran on February 28, 2026, following heightened tensions and stalled US-Iran talks.
The attacks resulted in the death of Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, along with top officials including the IRGC chief.
Iran retaliated with aerial attacks targeting US assets in Qatar, the UAE, Bahrain, Kuwait, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia.
Iran has initiated a constitutional process to appoint a new Supreme Leader, with an interim council assuming duties.
Detailed Insights:
The US and Israel framed the offensive with the objective of regime change in Iran, but Iran has demonstrated resilience and continuity in governance.
Iran's counter-offensive has targeted key US military installations, including the Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar and the US Fifth Fleet headquarters in Manama.
Gulf states, while condemning Iran's actions, may be hesitant to offer strong support to the US-Israel offensive due to concerns about their own security.
Escalation could lead to new sanctions against Iran and disrupt critical trade and energy-supply routes, with significant implications for South Asia and India.
India has a strong interest in the stability of Iran, and reckless targeting of nuclear sites in Iran could pose risks of radioactive contamination across the region.
Key Concepts Involved:
IRGC (Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps): A branch of the Iranian Armed Forces tasked with protecting the country's Islamic system.
Assembly of Experts: A deliberative body of elected clerics in Iran that appoints the Supreme Leader.
Guardian Council: An Iranian body responsible for interpreting the constitution and vetting candidates.