Enforcing Prohibition in Bihar, Village Guards Caught Between Police and Liquor Mafia, Pg 4

Key Highlights

• Prohibition Policy & Its Challenges:
  • Bihar’s liquor prohibition law (2016) has led to clashes between law enforcement, local village guards (chowkidars), and liquor mafias.
  • Village guards play a key role in reporting illicit liquor activities but face threats, violence, and lack of state protection.
  • Police complicity—several police officials have been caught selling seized liquor, highlighting corruption in enforcement.
• Socio-Economic Struggles of Village Guards:
  • Low wages (₹2,600/month) make them financially vulnerable.
  • Lack of government support, legal aid, and protection forces them to risk their lives without proper security.
  • Families of killed guards struggle with delayed compensations and social hardships.
• Rise of Liquor Mafia & Lawlessness:
  • Liquor mafias exploit prohibition loopholes, smuggling alcohol from neighboring states.
  • Guards are targeted, run over, or brutally attacked for reporting illegal trade.
  • Legal cases often see witness intimidation and lack of conviction, reducing the effectiveness of enforcement.

Analysis & Way Forward

• The failure in prohibition enforcement has created an illicit economy, benefiting mafias while harming law-abiding citizens.
• Strengthening witness protection, increasing village guard salaries, and ensuring strict action against corrupt officials can improve enforcement.
• A review of the economic impact of prohibition is needed—alternative policies like regulated alcohol sales with strict checks could be explored.

Mains Mock Question:

Critically analyze the socio-economic and governance challenges arising from Bihar’s liquor prohibition policy. Suggest measures to improve law enforcement and public safety.