UPSC Current Affairs 24 September 2025

GS 2: International RelationsGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's Interests

India, China ‘primary funders’ of Russian war: Trump at UNGA, Pg1.

U.S. President Donald Trump, in his address at the UN General Assembly, accused India and China of being “primary funders” of the Russia-Ukraine war through oil purchases, while reiterating his claim of mediating an India-Pakistan ceasefire.

GS 2: International RelationsGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's Interests

India, China ‘primary funders’ of Russian war: Trump at UNGA, Pg1.

GS 2: PolityGS 1: World HistoryGS 2: International RelationsGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's InterestsGS 1: Redrawal of National Boundaries, Colonization and Decolonization

Right to state, Pg6

Western nations recognize Palestine amid Gaza crisis, signaling shift in post-1948 pro-Israel consensus and urging two-state solution.

Right to state, Pg6

Western nations recognize Palestine amid Gaza crisis, signaling shift in post-1948 pro-Israel consensus and urging two-state solution.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 3: Indian Economy, Planning, Mobilization of Resources, Growth, Development and EmploymentGS 2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors

Getting GST 2.0 to run like a well-oiled machine, Pg6

GST 2.0 simplifies tax structure, cuts rates, and eases compliance, potentially boosting consumption and GDP growth by one percentage point.

Getting GST 2.0 to run like a well-oiled machine, Pg6

GST 2.0 simplifies tax structure, cuts rates, and eases compliance, potentially boosting consumption and GDP growth by one percentage point.

EthicsGS 2: GovernanceGS 2: PolityGS 2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectorsGS 2: Structure and Functioning of Executive and Judiciary

Penalty in proportion, Pg6

Supreme Court expresses concern over misuse of criminal defamation law, hindering free speech and fostering intimidation, demanding review.

EthicsGS 2: GovernanceGS 2: PolityGS 2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectorsGS 2: Structure and Functioning of Executive and Judiciary

Penalty in proportion, Pg6

Supreme Court expresses concern over misuse of criminal defamation law, hindering free speech and fostering intimidation, demanding review.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 2: PolityGS 2: International RelationsPrelimsGS 3: Major Crops, Cropping Patterns and Irrigation Systems

Once again, anger over Almatti, Pg7

Almatti Dam dispute reignites tensions between Telangana and Karnataka over Krishna River water sharing, impacting irrigation and politics.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 2: PolityGS 2: International RelationsPrelimsGS 3: Major Crops, Cropping Patterns and Irrigation Systems

Once again, anger over Almatti, Pg7

Almatti Dam dispute reignites tensions between Telangana and Karnataka over Krishna River water sharing, impacting irrigation and politics.

GS 1: Indian SocietyPrelimsGS 1: Art Forms

Share of U-rated films highest in Malayalam, lowest in Bhojpuri, Pg7

CBFC report reveals Malayalam films as most family-friendly, Bhojpuri least; 720 hours of film content modified between 2017-2025.

GS 1: Indian SocietyPrelimsGS 1: Art Forms

Share of U-rated films highest in Malayalam, lowest in Bhojpuri, Pg7

CBFC report reveals Malayalam films as most family-friendly, Bhojpuri least; 720 hours of film content modified between 2017-2025.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 3: Science & TechnologyGS 2: Social JusticePrelimsGS 2: E Governance

Lessons from India’s vaccination drive, Pg7

India's vaccination drive significantly reduces child mortality, achieves polio-free status, and earns global recognition for immunization efforts.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 3: Science & TechnologyGS 2: Social JusticePrelimsGS 2: E Governance

Lessons from India’s vaccination drive, Pg7

India's vaccination drive significantly reduces child mortality, achieves polio-free status, and earns global recognition for immunization efforts.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 3: Effects of Liberalization on the EconomyGS 2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors

How is the jewellery sector coping with U.S. tariffs?, Pg8

US tariffs threaten India's gem and jewellery exports, impacting MSMEs and skilled workers; industry seeks urgent government intervention.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 3: Effects of Liberalization on the EconomyGS 2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors

How is the jewellery sector coping with U.S. tariffs?, Pg8

US tariffs threaten India's gem and jewellery exports, impacting MSMEs and skilled workers; industry seeks urgent government intervention.

GS 1: World HistoryGS 2: International RelationsPrelimsGS 2: India and its Neighbourhood RelationsGS 1: Redrawal of National Boundaries, Colonization and Decolonization

The mapping of the India-China border, Pg8

Analysis of historical maps reveals insights into India-China border dispute, challenging claims and proposing resolution strategies.

GS 1: World HistoryGS 2: International RelationsPrelimsGS 2: India and its Neighbourhood RelationsGS 1: Redrawal of National Boundaries, Colonization and Decolonization

The mapping of the India-China border, Pg8

Analysis of historical maps reveals insights into India-China border dispute, challenging claims and proposing resolution strategies.

GS 2: International RelationsGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 3: Effects of Liberalization on the EconomyGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's Interests

How Trump’s H-1B fee threatens India’s IT firms and Big Tech business models, Pg9

Trump's $100,000 H-1B visa fee threatens Indian IT firms, Big Tech, and US innovation by potentially shifting talent elsewhere.

GS 2: International RelationsGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 3: Effects of Liberalization on the EconomyGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's Interests

How Trump’s H-1B fee threatens India’s IT firms and Big Tech business models, Pg9

Trump's $100,000 H-1B visa fee threatens Indian IT firms, Big Tech, and US innovation by potentially shifting talent elsewhere.

GS 3: Science & TechnologyGS 3: Internal SecurityPrelimsGS 3: Security Challenges and Management in Border AreasGS 3: Security Forces and Agencies and their Mandate

India to hold mega drone drill ‘Cold Start’ next month, Pg10

Indian Armed Forces to conduct 'Cold Start' drone warfare exercise in October, enhancing counter-drone capabilities after Operation Sindoor.

GS 3: Science & TechnologyGS 3: Internal SecurityPrelimsGS 3: Security Challenges and Management in Border AreasGS 3: Security Forces and Agencies and their Mandate

India to hold mega drone drill ‘Cold Start’ next month, Pg10

Indian Armed Forces to conduct 'Cold Start' drone warfare exercise in October, enhancing counter-drone capabilities after Operation Sindoor.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 3: Disaster ManagementGS 3: Environment & EcologyPrelimsGS 3: Disaster and Disaster Management

SC directs Himachal govt. to be clear on its disaster management measures, Pg10

Supreme Court demands clarity from Himachal Pradesh on disaster management, climate policies, and environmental impact of development projects.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 3: Disaster ManagementGS 3: Environment & EcologyPrelimsGS 3: Disaster and Disaster Management

SC directs Himachal govt. to be clear on its disaster management measures, Pg10

Supreme Court demands clarity from Himachal Pradesh on disaster management, climate policies, and environmental impact of development projects.

GS 3: Internal SecurityGS 2: International RelationsGS 2: India and its Neighbourhood Relations

Indian Navy chief calls on Sri Lankan PM in Colombo, Pg10

Indian Navy Chief's Colombo visit strengthens Indo-Sri Lankan maritime security ties through enhanced naval cooperation and joint training exercises.

GS 3: Internal SecurityGS 2: International RelationsGS 2: India and its Neighbourhood Relations

Indian Navy chief calls on Sri Lankan PM in Colombo, Pg10

Indian Navy Chief's Colombo visit strengthens Indo-Sri Lankan maritime security ties through enhanced naval cooperation and joint training exercises.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 2: PolityPrelimsGS 2: Structure and Functioning of Executive and Judiciary

SC links sense of ‘stagnation’ in lower judiciary to long litigation, Pg10

Supreme Court flags 'stagnation' in lower judiciary due to prolonged litigation and pendency affecting judicial officer morale.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 2: PolityPrelimsGS 2: Structure and Functioning of Executive and Judiciary

SC links sense of ‘stagnation’ in lower judiciary to long litigation, Pg10

Supreme Court flags 'stagnation' in lower judiciary due to prolonged litigation and pendency affecting judicial officer morale.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 1: Indian GeographyGS 3: Disaster ManagementPrelimsGS 3: Disaster and Disaster Management

Fresh norms soon to curb road collapses in hilly areas, Pg10

New guidelines mandate slope stabilization before road construction in hilly regions after highway collapses in Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 1: Indian GeographyGS 3: Disaster ManagementPrelimsGS 3: Disaster and Disaster Management

Fresh norms soon to curb road collapses in hilly areas, Pg10

New guidelines mandate slope stabilization before road construction in hilly regions after highway collapses in Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

GS 2: International RelationsGS 3: Environment & EcologyPrelimsGS 3: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.GS 3: Conservation, Pollution and Degradation

India to submit updated carbon-reduction targets by the beginning of COP30 on Nov. 10, Pg12

India to unveil enhanced carbon-reduction goals at COP30, targeting improved energy efficiency and emissions reduction by 2035.

GS 2: International RelationsGS 3: Environment & EcologyPrelimsGS 3: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.GS 3: Conservation, Pollution and Degradation

India to submit updated carbon-reduction targets by the beginning of COP30 on Nov. 10, Pg12

India to unveil enhanced carbon-reduction goals at COP30, targeting improved energy efficiency and emissions reduction by 2035.

GS 3: Science & TechnologyGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 3: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.GS 2: Bilateral, Regional and Global Groupings and Agreements

IPR Gandhinagar proposes roadmap for India’s fusion power plans, PgII

India unveils ambitious fusion power roadmap: SST-Bharat reactor targets 5x power output by 2060 with ₹25,000 crore investment.

GS 3: Science & TechnologyGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 3: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.GS 2: Bilateral, Regional and Global Groupings and Agreements

IPR Gandhinagar proposes roadmap for India’s fusion power plans, PgII

India unveils ambitious fusion power roadmap: SST-Bharat reactor targets 5x power output by 2060 with ₹25,000 crore investment.

GS 2: PolityGS 3: Science & TechnologyPrelimsGS 2: E GovernanceGS 2: Representation of the People's Act

EC brings in e-sign feature to check misuse of voter list identity. Pg1.

Election Commission introduces mandatory e-sign via Aadhaar OTP for voter form submissions to curb fraudulent deletions and ensure voter data integrity.

GS 2: PolityGS 3: Science & TechnologyPrelimsGS 2: E GovernanceGS 2: Representation of the People's Act

EC brings in e-sign feature to check misuse of voter list identity. Pg1.

Election Commission introduces mandatory e-sign via Aadhaar OTP for voter form submissions to curb fraudulent deletions and ensure voter data integrity.

GS 3: Internal SecurityGS 2: International RelationsGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 2: Bilateral, Regional and Global Groupings and Agreements

‘Historic moment’: Rajnath opens Tata Group’s combat vehicle plant in Morocco, Pg8.

Rajnath Singh inaugurates Tata's combat vehicle plant in Morocco, boosting Indo-Moroccan defence ties and 'Make with Friends' initiative.

GS 3: Internal SecurityGS 2: International RelationsGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 2: Bilateral, Regional and Global Groupings and Agreements

‘Historic moment’: Rajnath opens Tata Group’s combat vehicle plant in Morocco, Pg8.

Rajnath Singh inaugurates Tata's combat vehicle plant in Morocco, boosting Indo-Moroccan defence ties and 'Make with Friends' initiative.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 3: Environment & EcologyPrelimsGS 3: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.GS 3: Environmental Impact Assessment

Expert committee nod for 2,200-MW Oju hydel project near China border, Pg9.

Expert panel greenlights 2,220 MW Oju hydel project near China border despite environmental concerns over Subansiri basin studies.

GS 2: GovernanceGS 3: Environment & EcologyPrelimsGS 3: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.GS 3: Environmental Impact Assessment

Expert committee nod for 2,200-MW Oju hydel project near China border, Pg9.

Expert panel greenlights 2,220 MW Oju hydel project near China border despite environmental concerns over Subansiri basin studies.

GS 2: PolityGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 2: Structure and Functioning of Executive and JudiciaryGS 2: Union State Relations and Federal Structure

Govt moves SC against verdict on mineral taxation rights, Pg9.

Centre challenges SC verdict on mineral taxation, asserting Parliament's power; curative petition filed regarding legislative competence over mineral rights.

GS 2: PolityGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 2: Structure and Functioning of Executive and JudiciaryGS 2: Union State Relations and Federal Structure

Govt moves SC against verdict on mineral taxation rights, Pg9.

Centre challenges SC verdict on mineral taxation, asserting Parliament's power; curative petition filed regarding legislative competence over mineral rights.

GS 3: Science & TechnologyGS 2: International RelationsGS 3: EconomyGS 3: Changes in Industrial Policy and Effects on Industrial GrowthGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's Interests

$100,000 fee, Asian opportunity, Pg11.

Stringent visa policies in the West may lead to integrated technological ecosystem in South Asia, especially India and China.

$100,000 fee, Asian opportunity, Pg11.

Stringent visa policies in the West may lead to integrated technological ecosystem in South Asia, especially India and China.

GS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 3: Effects of Liberalization on the EconomyGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's Interests

Rupee hits record low of 88.75 against USD, Pg15.

Rupee plummets to a historic low of 88.75 against USD amid H-1B visa fee hike and FPI outflows.

GS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 3: Effects of Liberalization on the EconomyGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's Interests

Rupee hits record low of 88.75 against USD, Pg15.

Rupee plummets to a historic low of 88.75 against USD amid H-1B visa fee hike and FPI outflows.

GS 2: International RelationsGS 3: EconomyGS 2: Bilateral, Regional and Global Groupings and AgreementsGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's Interests

Much-delayed India-US trade negotiations likely in final leg: What lies ahead?, Pg15.

India and US resume trade negotiations amidst tariff disputes and strategic considerations, aiming for a comprehensive deal before November 30.

GS 2: International RelationsGS 3: EconomyGS 2: Bilateral, Regional and Global Groupings and AgreementsGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's Interests

Much-delayed India-US trade negotiations likely in final leg: What lies ahead?, Pg15.

India and US resume trade negotiations amidst tariff disputes and strategic considerations, aiming for a comprehensive deal before November 30.

GS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 3: Effects of Liberalization on the EconomyGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's Interests

‘Full impact of tariff shock yet to come’, Pg15.

OECD projects tariff shock impact, firms absorbing it; global growth slows to 3.2% in 2025, 2.9% in 2026.

GS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 3: Effects of Liberalization on the EconomyGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's Interests

‘Full impact of tariff shock yet to come’, Pg15.

OECD projects tariff shock impact, firms absorbing it; global growth slows to 3.2% in 2025, 2.9% in 2026.

GS 2: International RelationsGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's InterestsGS 2: Indian Diaspora

The other work visa for US: How L-1 compares with H-1B, Pg17.

US mulls L-1 visa amid H-1B fee hike, offering intracompany transfers, but with limitations and strict eligibility criteria.

GS 2: International RelationsGS 3: EconomyPrelimsGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's InterestsGS 2: Indian Diaspora

The other work visa for US: How L-1 compares with H-1B, Pg17.

US mulls L-1 visa amid H-1B fee hike, offering intracompany transfers, but with limitations and strict eligibility criteria.

GS 2: International RelationsGS 2: Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's InterestsGS 2: Important International Institutions, Agencies and ForaGS 1: Redrawal of National Boundaries, Colonization and Decolonization

News Analysis

India, China ‘primary funders’ of Russian war: Trump at UNGA, Pg1.

India, China ‘primary funders’ of Russian war: Trump at UNGA, Pg1.

Right to state, Pg6

Right to state, Pg6

Getting GST 2.0 to run like a well-oiled machine, Pg6

Getting GST 2.0 to run like a well-oiled machine, Pg6

Penalty in proportion, Pg6

Penalty in proportion, Pg6

Once again, anger over Almatti, Pg7

Once again, anger over Almatti, Pg7

Share of U-rated films highest in Malayalam, lowest in Bhojpuri, Pg7

Share of U-rated films highest in Malayalam, lowest in Bhojpuri, Pg7

Lessons from India’s vaccination drive, Pg7

Lessons from India’s vaccination drive, Pg7

How is the jewellery sector coping with U.S. tariffs?, Pg8

How is the jewellery sector coping with U.S. tariffs?, Pg8

The mapping of the India-China border, Pg8

The mapping of the India-China border, Pg8

How Trump’s H-1B fee threatens India’s IT firms and Big Tech business models, Pg9

How Trump’s H-1B fee threatens India’s IT firms and Big Tech business models, Pg9

India to hold mega drone drill ‘Cold Start’ next month, Pg10

India to hold mega drone drill ‘Cold Start’ next month, Pg10

SC directs Himachal govt. to be clear on its disaster management measures, Pg10

SC directs Himachal govt. to be clear on its disaster management measures, Pg10

Indian Navy chief calls on Sri Lankan PM in Colombo, Pg10

Indian Navy chief calls on Sri Lankan PM in Colombo, Pg10

SC links sense of ‘stagnation’ in lower judiciary to long litigation, Pg10

SC links sense of ‘stagnation’ in lower judiciary to long litigation, Pg10

Fresh norms soon to curb road collapses in hilly areas, Pg10

Fresh norms soon to curb road collapses in hilly areas, Pg10

India to submit updated carbon-reduction targets by the beginning of COP30 on Nov. 10, Pg12

India to submit updated carbon-reduction targets by the beginning of COP30 on Nov. 10, Pg12

IPR Gandhinagar proposes roadmap for India’s fusion power plans, PgII

IPR Gandhinagar proposes roadmap for India’s fusion power plans, PgII

EC brings in e-sign feature to check misuse of voter list identity. Pg1.

EC brings in e-sign feature to check misuse of voter list identity. Pg1.

‘Historic moment’: Rajnath opens Tata Group’s combat vehicle plant in Morocco, Pg8.

‘Historic moment’: Rajnath opens Tata Group’s combat vehicle plant in Morocco, Pg8.

Expert committee nod for 2,200-MW Oju hydel project near China border, Pg9.

Expert committee nod for 2,200-MW Oju hydel project near China border, Pg9.

Govt moves SC against verdict on mineral taxation rights, Pg9.

Govt moves SC against verdict on mineral taxation rights, Pg9.

$100,000 fee, Asian opportunity, Pg11.

$100,000 fee, Asian opportunity, Pg11.

Rupee hits record low of 88.75 against USD, Pg15.

Rupee hits record low of 88.75 against USD, Pg15.

Much-delayed India-US trade negotiations likely in final leg: What lies ahead?, Pg15.

Much-delayed India-US trade negotiations likely in final leg: What lies ahead?, Pg15.

‘Full impact of tariff shock yet to come’, Pg15.

‘Full impact of tariff shock yet to come’, Pg15.

The other work visa for US: How L-1 compares with H-1B, Pg17.

The other work visa for US: How L-1 compares with H-1B, Pg17.

Recognising the Palestinian State, Pg 17.

Recognising the Palestinian State, Pg 17.

Govt gives infra status to large ship building industry

Govt gives infra status to large ship building industry

HC: RPwD Act extends to institutions recognised by govt, local bodies

HC: RPwD Act extends to institutions recognised by govt, local bodies

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