PARLIAMENT QUESTION: Earthquake Risk in Kangra-Chamba-Dharamsala Belt

Key Highlights:

• The Kangra–Chamba–Dharamshala region is situated in Seismic Zone V, the highest earthquake hazard zone in India.
• Scientific studies indicate this region is capable of generating large earthquakes exceeding magnitude 7.0 due to active tectonic processes.
• The National Center for Seismology (NCS) under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) continuously monitors seismic activity across the country.
• 16 earthquakes were detected and reported by NCS in the Kangra–Chamba region during June 2026.
• The National Seismological Network comprises 172 stations nationwide, with 7 located in Himachal Pradesh.
• The government promotes earthquake preparedness through the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) and enforces National Building Code (NBC) and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) seismic design codes.

Detailed Insights:

• The government has noted the seismic activity in the Kangra-Chamba region and is actively monitoring it.
• The National Seismological Network has been expanded to strengthen 24x7 real-time earthquake monitoring.
• NDMA coordinates with State Governments to enhance preparedness through mock drills, training, and disaster management plans.
• Guidelines for earthquake-resistant construction are issued via the National Building Code (NBC) and BIS seismic design codes.
• Implementation of these construction codes is the responsibility of respective State Governments and Urban Local Bodies.
• The government's strategy aims to minimize loss of life and property through risk assessment, capacity building, and strengthening critical infrastructure.
• NDMA regularly conducts public awareness campaigns, school programs, and training for earthquake safety and preparedness.
• Seismic microzonation studies are undertaken by scientific institutions, with government providing financial and technical assistance to states.

Key Concepts Involved:

• Seismic Zone V: The highest earthquake hazard zone in India, indicating a high probability of severe earthquakes.
• National Center for Seismology (NCS): The primary agency responsible for monitoring earthquakes and conducting seismological research in India.
• National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA): The apex body for disaster management in India, responsible for policy, plans, and guidelines.
• National Building Code (NBC): A comprehensive set of guidelines for regulating building construction activities in India, including seismic design.