GS 3: Internal SecurityGS 2: International RelationsPrelimsGS 3: Role of External State and Non State ActorsGS 3: Security Challenges and Management in Border Areas
One in six people exposed to conflict worldwide in 2025, Pg7
Global conflict exposure surges: One in six face violence as state, non-state actors escalate attacks on civilians in 2025.
In 2025, an estimated 831 million people globally, or one in six, were exposed to conflict.
ACLED recorded nearly 2 lakh violent events worldwide in 2025, almost double the number from four years prior.
Europe experienced the greatest increase in violence due to the Russia-Ukraine conflict.
There was a 48% decrease in violent conflicts in West Asia compared to 2024.
Incidents of violence directed at civilians reached over 56,000 in 2025, the highest in five years.
Government forces were involved in 74% of violent events worldwide in 2025.
469 non-state armed groups have deployed drones at least once in the past five years, a 14% rise compared to last year.
Detailed Insights:
The report indicates a trend of less restraint and increasing violence targeting civilians, with armed actors more likely to use force without regard for consequences.
While conflicts persisted in West Asia, ceasefires in Syria, Lebanon, and Gaza led to a significant decrease in violent events.
State-led violence targeting civilians has increased since 2020, with state forces responsible for 35% of such events in 2025 compared to 20% in 2020.
Israel and Russia were collectively responsible for about 90% of violent incidents that targeted civilians outside their borders.
The Myanmar military accounted for nearly a third of violence committed by state forces against its own civilians this year.
Non-state armed groups caused approximately 60% of fatalities, with the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in Sudan responsible for over 4,200 civilian deaths.
The increasing use of commercial drones as weapons by non-state armed groups reflects a shift in contemporary warfare, indicating easier access to advanced technology.
Key Concepts Involved:
Conflict: A state of discord between persons, groups, or countries, often involving violence.
State Actor: An entity that acts on behalf of a government or state, including military and law enforcement.
Non-State Armed Group: Organized groups that use weapons to achieve political or ideological goals, but are not part of a government's official armed forces.