Parliament Question: Mission Mausam

Key Highlights:

• Mission Mausam, a Central Sector umbrella scheme of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), was launched by the Prime Minister on January 14, 2025.
• The Union Cabinet approved the Mission in 2024 with a budget outlay of ₹2,000 crore for 2024-25 and 2025-26.
• Its objective is to make India a "Weather-ready and Climate-smart Nation" by strengthening observations and prediction systems.
• The Mission aims to improve early warnings for high-impact weather events and deliver seamless weather and climate services.
• For 2026–31, Mission Mausam will be implemented through six verticals, including OBSERVE_ALL, DEVELOP, and FRONTIER.

Detailed Insights:

• Mission Mausam seeks to enhance climate resilience and disaster preparedness across the nation.
• Major objectives include developing cutting-edge weather surveillance technologies and deploying next-generation Doppler Weather Radars.
• It also focuses on implementing advanced high-performance computing systems and using AI/ML for improved prediction capabilities.
• Key interventions involve augmenting various observational systems and utilizing high-resolution Numerical Weather Prediction models.
• The Mission aims to improve the accuracy, spatial resolution, and lead time of forecasts for events like cyclones, heatwaves, and urban floods.
• Expected benefits span sectors such as Agriculture, Fisheries, Aviation, and Disaster Management, reducing weather-related losses.
• It will strengthen impact-based forecasting and last-mile dissemination of weather information for informed decision-making.

Scientific/Technical Concepts Involved:

• Doppler Weather Radars: Radars that detect precipitation, measure its intensity, and determine wind speed and direction.
• Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP): Using mathematical models of the atmosphere and oceans to predict future weather conditions.
• Impact-based forecasting: Providing information on the potential effects of weather events rather than just the meteorological parameters.
• High-Performance Computing (HPC): The use of supercomputers and parallel processing techniques to solve complex computational problems.