ISRO finishes another key test in preparation for Gaganyaan, Pg14.

Key Highlights:

• ISRO conducted a test on November 3 at Babina Field Firing Range (BFFR) to assess the stability of the Gaganyaan crew module.
• The test simulated a scenario where one of the main parachutes experienced an asymmetric disreefing.
• An IL 76 aircraft dropped a platform equivalent to the crew module's mass from a height of 2.5 km.
• The Gaganyaan crew module is equipped with four different types of parachutes for safe return.
• The first crewed mission under the Gaganyaan programme is scheduled for 2027.

Detailed Insights:

• The test aimed to validate the parachute system's performance under extreme conditions, specifically when one main parachute unfurls later than the other.
• Reefed inflation is used to gradually deploy parachutes, preventing sudden jerks during the astronauts' return.
• The Gaganyaan crew module uses Apex Cover Separation Parachutes to remove the apex cover, which protects the parachute compartment from re-entry heat.
• Drogue parachutes stabilize the module and reduce its velocity, followed by pilot chutes that deploy the main parachutes.
• The main parachutes decrease the velocity to a safe level before splashdown and are released before the recovery team approaches.
• A previous test of the entire parachute system under normal conditions was conducted in August this year.
• The first uncrewed mission for Gaganyaan is expected to occur towards the end of this year.

Scientific/Technical Concepts Involved:

• Reefing: A technique to control the opening of a parachute in stages to avoid sudden shocks.
• Asymmetric Disreefing: A scenario where parachutes do not unfurl symmetrically or simultaneously.
• Apex Cover: A protective shield for the parachute compartment against the heat generated during re-entry into the atmosphere.