Despite near 100% electrification, why Railways launched LNG train, Pg13

Key Highlights:

• Indian Railways has launched its first train capable of running on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), a modified Diesel-Electric Multiple Unit (DEMU) train.
• The eight-coach non-AC train was flagged off from Sabarmati station in Gujarat.
• This dual-fuel train operates on a mix of 40% LNG and 60% diesel, with the capability to run entirely on diesel when needed.
• The conversion cost for this DEMU-LNG train was ₹1.86 crore.
• The initiative aims to reduce emissions from existing diesel-powered assets, despite Indian Railways' broad-gauge network being nearly 100% electrified.

LNG Train.jpg

Detailed Insights:

• The launch addresses the challenge of utilizing existing DEMU trains, which cannot be hauled by electric locomotives due to their integrated power and control systems.
• DEMU trains were initially introduced in 1994 for non-electrified routes and later upgraded in 2002 by the Integral Coach Factory to replace slower passenger trains.
• The conversion to a dual-fuel system provides operational flexibility and enables productive utilization of these assets, many of which still have significant operational life.
• This move aligns with Indian Railways' broader environmental goals, including its target to achieve Net Zero Carbon Emission by 2030.
• Indian Railways has achieved 99.6% electrification of its broad-gauge network as of March 2026, significantly reducing reliance on fossil fuels.
• Other green initiatives by Indian Railways include increasing renewable energy in its mix, improving energy efficiency, afforestation, and the development of hydrogen trains for non-electrified or heritage routes.

Scientific/Technical Concepts Involved:

• DEMU (Diesel-Electric Multiple Unit): A self-propelled train where the diesel engine generates electricity to power electric traction motors, with power packs integrated into passenger coaches.
• EMU (Electric Multiple Unit): A self-propelled train where tractive power is supplied by overhead electric wires, with control systems built into passenger coaches.
• LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas): Natural gas converted to liquid form for ease of storage and transport, offering lower emissions compared to diesel when used as fuel.