Q9. Despite the implementation of various programmes for the eradication of poverty by the government in India, poverty still exists. Explain by giving reasons.
Model Answer:
Introduction
Poverty eradication remains a pressing issue in India, despite numerous government initiatives aimed at uplifting marginalized communities and improving their living standards.
Body
Poverty Eradication Programmes
- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA): Provides at least 100 days of wage employment per year to every rural household, ensuring a safety net and income security.
- Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY): Aim to provide affordable housing for all by 2022, focusing on slum redevelopment and building new homes for the poor.
- National Food Security Act (NFSA): Ensures access to adequate food at affordable prices, targeting vulnerable populations to combat hunger and malnutrition.
- Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana (DAY-NULM): Focuses on promoting self-employment and skill development, empowering the urban poor to improve their livelihood opportunities.
- National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM): Aims to reduce poverty by promoting self-help groups (SHGs) and providing skill training and access to financial services.
Reasons for Persistent Poverty
Despite these programs, several factors contribute to the ongoing poverty crisis in India:
- Corruption and Mismanagement: Corruption in the implementation of welfare schemes leads to the diversion of resources, limiting benefits reaching the intended population.
- Lack of Awareness: Many eligible beneficiaries remain unaware of the programs, limiting their participation and access to benefits.
- Inadequate Infrastructure: Insufficient infrastructure in rural areas hampers the effectiveness of schemes aimed at improving livelihoods and access to services.
- Economic Inequality: Rising income inequality exacerbates poverty, as the benefits of economic growth often do not trickle down to the lower strata of society.
- Political Factors: Political instability and shifting priorities can lead to inconsistencies in program implementation, further complicating efforts to eradicate poverty.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while India has implemented various poverty eradication programs, challenges such as corruption, lack of awareness, and economic inequality hinder their effectiveness in addressing the persistent issue of poverty.
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