Q20. Enumerate the National Water Policy of India. Taking river Ganges as an example, discuss the strategies that may be adopted for river water pollution control and management. What are the legal provisions for managing and handling hazardous wastes in India?

Model Answer:

Introduction

India's National Water Policy (NWP) provides a framework for the sustainable development and management of water resources, emphasizing conservation, efficient usage, and equitable distribution. Given the challenges of pollution and overuse, implementing effective strategies for rivers like the Ganges is crucial.

Body

Key Points of the National Water Policy

• Prioritization of Drinking Water: Ensures safe drinking water as the highest priority.
• River Conservation: Emphasizes pollution control and restoration of ecological flows.
• Water Efficiency: Promotes efficient irrigation and industrial water use to minimize waste.
• Groundwater Management: Advocates for regulation to prevent over-extraction.
• Community Participation: Encourages local involvement in water resource management.
• Climate Resilience: Plans for climate change impacts on water availability and infrastructure.

Strategies for River Ganges

• Pollution Control: Enforce strict regulations on industrial effluents and untreated sewage.
• Afforestation and Soil Conservation: Restore watershed areas to reduce sedimentation and improve groundwater recharge.
• Eco-Flow Management: Maintain ecological flow for habitat conservation and seasonal requirements.
• Sustainable Agriculture: Promote water-efficient practices to reduce agricultural runoff.
• Community Engagement: Mobilize communities and NGOs for river conservation and awareness.

Conclusion

‍The National Water Policy supports sustainable and equitable water management. For rivers like the Ganges, targeted strategies addressing pollution, ecological flow, and community involvement are essential to restore and protect this vital resource.

‍

Instant Mains Evaluation with SuperKalam

‍