Q18. Evaluate the economic and strategic dimensions of India’s Look East Policy in the context of the post-Cold War international scenario.

Model Answer:

Introduction

India’s Look East Policy (LEP), initiated in the early 1990s, has evolved as a critical framework for enhancing economic ties and strategic partnerships in Southeast Asia, especially in the post-Cold War era.

Body

1. Economic Dimensions

• Trade Relations Expansion: Strengthening trade ties with ASEAN countries has been pivotal for India’s economic growth.some text
  • For Example, India’s trade with ASEAN increased significantly after signing the ASEAN-India Free Trade Agreement in 2010, boosting bilateral trade to over $100 billion by 2020.
• Investment Opportunities: India’s LEP aims to attract investments from Southeast Asian countries to enhance domestic infrastructure.some text
  • For Example, Singapore’s investment in India, particularly in smart city projects, exemplifies this economic collaboration, with over $100 billion in cumulative investments since 2005.
• Market Diversification: The policy encourages Indian businesses to explore new markets in Southeast Asia, reducing reliance on traditional partners.some text
  • For Example, Indian pharmaceutical companies, like Sun Pharma, expanded their operations in countries like Vietnam, tapping into new consumer bases and diversifying their market risk.
• Technology Transfer: Collaborations with ASEAN nations facilitate technology transfer crucial for India’s growth.some text
  • For Example, India’s partnership with Japan in technology and innovation, particularly in renewable energy projects, enhances India’s technological capabilities while fostering regional integration.
• Supply Chain Resilience: LEP enhances India’s participation in regional supply chains, particularly in the wake of global disruptions.some text
  • For Example, India's engagement in the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) discussions highlighted the importance of integrating with Southeast Asian supply chains for greater resilience.

2. Strategic Dimensions

• Regional Security Cooperation: LEP emphasizes strengthening security ties with neighbouring countries to counterbalance China’s influence.some text
  • For Example, India’s participation in joint military exercises with countries like Vietnam underscores its commitment to regional security.
• Geopolitical Alliances: India seeks to forge alliances to enhance its geopolitical standing in the region.some text
  • For Example, The Quad alliance, including India, the US, Japan, and Australia, showcases strategic collaboration aimed at ensuring a free and open Indo-Pacific.
• Counter-terrorism Initiatives: Enhancing collaboration on counter-terrorism with Southeast Asian nations is crucial for regional stability.some text
  • For Example, India and Indonesia have cooperated on intelligence sharing to combat terrorism, reflecting a unified front against common threats.
• Maritime Security: India’s maritime strategy focuses on securing vital sea lanes in the South China Sea.some text
  • For Example, The establishment of the India-ASEAN Maritime Security Dialogue demonstrates India’s commitment to safeguarding its maritime interests.
• Soft Power Diplomacy: LEP also utilizes cultural diplomacy to strengthen ties with ASEAN nations.some text
  • For Example, The International Buddhist Confederation in India promotes cultural exchanges with countries like Myanmar, enhancing India’s soft power in the region.

Conclusion‍

India's Look East Policy serves as a vital instrument for enhancing economic prosperity and strategic stability, adapting to the evolving dynamics of the post-Cold War international landscape.

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